The oldest architectural monuments that have survived since the medieval Transcarpathia are stonecastles, palaces and temples. But of particular interest are wooden church the edge. They are the most characteristic manifestation of the cultural heritage of Transcarpathia and a valuable contribution of our region to the world’s artistic Treasury.

On the territory of the Transcarpathian region 118 were preserved wooden church,built over the past five centuries, and 39 of them registered as architectural monuments.

Ужгородський скансен

У тіні замкових стін Ужгородської фортеці розташований унікальний музей-скансен. Протягом 1960-70-х років з сіл Закарпатської області на територію музею було переміщено два десятки дерев’яних будівель XVIII-XX століть. Це один з перших музеїв розташованих під відкритим небом або скансенів в Україні. Він розпочав свою роботу 27 червня 1970 року. Музей розміщено не тільки як “виставку досягнень”…

В кінці XVIII століття всі церкви Mukachevsky Greek-Catholic the dioceses were wooden, with the exception of a few urban and monastic temple. In total, there were about 800 of them at that time.

Since 1779, all churches on the territory of present-day Transcarpathia were built according to three projects of stone basilic temples developed in Vienna. Since then, the old wooden churches have been gradually replaced with new ones. So, during the XIX century only in the Berezsky komitat 100 wooden churches ceased to exist, and in the first half of the XX century 47 churches and 11 were destroyed belfry.

For the first time, the issue of preserving wooden architecture arose during the period when Transcarpathia was part of the Czechoslovak Republic. Five temples, which threatened destruction have been transported to Prague, and three transferred within areas. Yes, St. Michael’s Church moved in 1927 from Shelestov to Mukachevo, and from there in 1974 to Uzhgorod;The assumption Church from Obava was moved to the Czech Republic in 1931, and the Church of St. Michael from Velikiye Luki was moved to Prague in 1929.

Класифікація Закарпатських дерев’яних храмів

Науковці виділяють п’ять стилів закарпатських дерев’яних храмів, поміж ними – гуцульський, лемківський і бойківський – названі по етнографічним групам закарпатського населення, а відповідно ще два – готичний і барочний – по відповідним стилям в кам’яній архітектурі. Лемківські і бойківські дерев’яні храми зберегли для нащадків давні способи українського храмового зодчества, в основі яких лежить принцип триєдності…

    The next period of destruction of wooden churches began after the arrival of Soviet power. Initiative groups were created in the villages, which acted according to the scenario developed in the party offices. Under the leadership of village Council chairmen and school principals, the churches were sorted out for firewood. Thus, from 1945 to 1985, 26 wooden churches and 10 bell towers were destroyed. We are witnessing the third period of destruction of temples. For practical reasons, people replace wooden temples with stone ones, rebuild old buildings, not understanding the harm they do to themselves and their descendants.

    Due to significant losses in the field of wooden architecture, the cultural value of each preserved Church has increased significantly.

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